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HT16515 1/4 to 1/12 Duty VFD Controller
Features
* Logic voltage: 5V * High-voltage output: VDD-35V max. * Multiple display * 4 LED output ports (20mA max.) * No external resistors necessary for driver output
(16-segment & 12-digit to 24-segment & 4-digit)
* 162 matrix key scanning * 8 steps dimmer circuit
(provides PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor output)
* Serial interface with MCU (CLK, CS, DI, DO) * 44-pin QFP package
Applications
* Consumer products panel function control * Industrial measuring instrument panel function control * Other similar applications for panel function control
General Description
HT16515 is a VFD (Vacuum Fluorescent Display) controller/driver that is driven on a 1/4 to 1/12 duty factor. It consists of 16 segment output lines, 4 grid output lines, 8 segment/grid output drive lines, 4 LED output ports, a control circuit, a display memory, and a key scan circuit. Serial data inputs to the HT16515 through a three-line serial interface. This VFD controller/driver is an ideal MCU peripheral device.
Block Diagram
C om m and D ecoder S e r ia l I/F S e g 1 /K S 1 S e g 1 6 /K S 1 6
DI DO CLK CS
D is p la y R A M 2 4 - B it 1 2 W o r d s
2 4 - B it O u tp u t L a tc h
24 8
16
Segm ent D r iv e r
OSC
OSC
T im in g G e n e r a to r K ey S can K e y D a ta M e m o ry (2 1 6 )
D a ta S e le c to r 8 12 4 D im m in g C ir c u it
8
M u ltip le x e d D r iv e r
S e g 1 7 /G r id 1 2 S e g 2 4 /G r id 5
1 2 - B it S h ift R e g is te r
K ey0~K ey1 4 - B it L a tc h
G r id D r iv e r
G r id 1 G r id 4
LED0~LED3
VDD
VSS
VEE
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HT16515
Pin Assignment
S e g 1 9 /G r id 1 0 S e g 1 8 /G r id 1 1 S e g 1 7 /G r id 1 2 6 5 4 3 2 1 VE Se Se Se Se Se Se Se 22 21 20 19 S e g 9 /K S 9 S e g 8 /K S 8 S e g 7 /K S 7 S e g 6 /K S 6 Se Se Se Se Se VD VS g5 g4 g3 g2 g1 D S /K /K /K /K /K S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 E g1 g1 g1 g1 g1 g1 g1 6 /K 5 /K 4 /K 3 /K 2 /K 1 /K 0 /K S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 0
Se Se Se Se
g2 g2 g2 g2
0 /G 1 /G 2 /G 3 /G
r id r id r id r id 6
9 8 7
34 35 36 37 38 39 40 2 1 41 42 43 44
33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23
S e g 2 4 /G r id 5 G r id 4 G r id 3 G r id G r id VD VS D S
0 6$## " " 3 . 2
18 17 16 15 14 13 12
1
2
3
4
5 6
7
8
9
10 11 KEY0
KEY1
CS CLK DI DO OSC LED LED LED LED 0 1 2 3
Pad Assignment
S e g 2 0 /G r id 9 S e g 2 1 /G r id 8 S e g 2 2 /G r id 7 S e g 2 3 /G r id 6 S e g 2 4 /G r id 5
G r id 1
G r id 2
G r id 3
G r id 4
VDD
VSS 44 LED0 LED1 LED2 LED3 4 2 3 1
33 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34
S e g 1 9 /G r id 1 0
32
S e g 1 8 /G r id 1 1
31 (0 ,0 ) OSC 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 DO DI CLK CS KEY0 KEY1 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23
S e g 1 7 /G r id 1 2 VEE S e g 1 6 /K S 1 6 S e g 1 5 /K S 1 5 S e g 1 4 /K S 1 4 S e g 1 3 /K S 1 3 S e g 1 2 /K S 1 2 S e g 1 1 /K S 1 1 S e g 1 0 /K S 1 0
S e g 9 /K S 9
S e g 8 /K S 8
S e g 7 /K S 7
S e g 6 /K S 6
S e g 5 /K S 5
S e g 4 /K S 4
S e g 3 /K S 3
S e g 2 /K S 2
S e g 1 /K S 1
* The IC substrate should be connected to VSS in the PCB layout artwork.
VDD
VSS
Chip Size:
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HT16515
Pad Coordinates
Pad No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 X -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -962.50 -689.60 -460.45 -344.25 -242.85 -141.45 -40.05 61.35 162.75 264.15 365.55 466.95 Y 600.00 495.00 380.20 275.20 -107.20 -235.60 -366.00 -471.00 -576.00 -681.00 -786.00 -772.45 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 -595.30 Pad No. 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 X 834.10 834.10 834.10 834.10 834.10 834.10 834.10 987.30 987.30 987.30 987.30 610.30 508.90 407.50 306.10 204.70 103.30 1.90 -99.50 -200.90 -317.10 -624.50 Y -754.00 -652.60 -551.20 -449.80 -348.40 -247.00 -145.60 0.50 130.50 382.05 734.05 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 594.40 756.80 Unit: mm
Pin Description
Pin No. 1~4 5 6 7 8 Pin Name LED3~LED0 OSC DO DI CLK I/O O I O I I Description LED driver output ports. This is a CMOS output pin and maximum driving current up to +20mA. Connected to an external resistor or an RC oscillator circuit. Data output pin, output serial data at falling edge of shift clock, starting from the lower bit. This is N-ch open-drain output pin. Data input pin, input serial data at rising edge of shift clock, starting from the lower bit. Clock input pin. Reads serial data at the rising edge, and outputs data at the falling edge. Initializes serial interface at the rising or falling edge of the HT16515. Then it waits to receive a command. Data input after CS has fallen is processed, current processing is stopped, and the serial interface is initialized. While CS is high, CLK is ignored. Key-in data input to these pins are latched at the end of the display cycle. Negative power supply, ground Positive power supply High voltage output, segment output pins, dual function as key source. This is PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor output. VFD power supply High voltage output, these pins are selectable for segment or grid output. This is PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor output. High voltage output, grids output pin. This is PMOS open-drain and pull-low resistor output.
9
CS
I
10, 11 12, 44 13, 43 14~29 30 31~38 39~42
Key0, Key1 VSS VDD Seg1/KS1~Seg16/KS16 VEE Seg17/Grid12~ Seg24/Grid5 Grid4~Grid1
I 3/4 3/4 O 3/4 O O
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HT16515
Approximate Internal Connections
NMOS OUT
PMOS OUT
V
DD
CMOS OUT
V
DD
V
EE
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Supply Voltage ...........................VSS-0.3V to VSS+6.0V Input Voltage..............................VSS-0.3V to VDD+0.3V Operating Temperature...........................-25C to 75C Storage Temperature ............................-50C to 125C
Note: These are stress ratings only. Stresses exceeding the range specified under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause substantial damage to the device. Functional operation of this device at other conditions beyond those listed in the specification is not implied and prolonged exposure to extreme conditions may affect device reliability.
D.C. Characteristics
Symbol VDD VEE fOSC RPL IDD IOL IOL1 IOH1 IOH21 IOH22 IOL3 VIH VIL VH VOH1 VOL1 VOL2 Parameter Logic Supply Voltage VFD Supply Voltage Oscillation Frequency Output Pull-low Resistor Operating Current Driver Leakage Current LED Sink Current LED Source Current Test Conditions VDD 3/4 3/4 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V ROSC=82kW Driver output No load, VFD display off VO=VDD-30V, VFD driver off VOL=1V, LED0~LED3 VOH=0.9VDD, LED0~LED3 VOH=VDD-2V VOH=VDD-2V VOL=0.4V 3/4 3/4 CLK, DIN, CS LED0~LED3, IOH1=-3mA LED0~LED3, IOL1=20mA DO, IOL2=4mA Conditions 3/4 3/4 Min. 4.5 0 350 40 3/4 3/4 20 -3 -3 -15 4 0.7VDD 0 3/4 0.9VDD 0 0 Typ. 5 3/4 500 65 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 0.35 3/4 3/4 3/4 Max. 5.5 VDD-35 650 120 5 -10 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 VDD 0.3VDD 3/4 VDD 1 0.4
Ta=25C Unit V V kHz kW mA mA mA mA mA mA mA V V V V V V
Segment 1~16 Source Current 5V Segment 17~24, Grid 1~4 Source Current DO Sink Current H Input Voltage L Input Voltage Hysteresis Voltage High-level Output Voltage Low-level Output Voltage Low-level Output Voltage 5V 5V 3/4 3/4 3/4 5V 5V 5V
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HT16515
A.C. Characteristics
Symbol tPHL tPLH tr1 tr2 tf tmax Ci tCW tSW tSU th tCS tW Rise Time 5V Fall Time Maximum Clock Frequency Input Capacitance Clock Pulse Width Strobe Pulse Width Data Setup Time Data Hold Time Clock-Strobe Time Wait Time 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V 5V Parameter Test Conditions VDD 5V Logic Supply Voltage 5V 5V Conditions CLK(R)DO CL=15pF, RL=10kW CL=300pF, S1~S16 CL=300pF, G1~G4 S17/G12~S24/G5 CL=300pF, Sn, Gn Duty=50% 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 CLK rising edge to CS rising edge CLK rising edge to CLK falling edge Min. 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 1 3/4 400 1 100 100 1 1 Typ. 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 Max. 300 300 2 0.5 120 3/4 15 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 Ta=25C Unit ns ns ms ms ms MHz pF ns us ns ns ms ms
Functional Description
Display RAM and Display Mode The static display RAM stores the data transmitted from an external device to the HT16515 through a serial interface. The contents of the RAM are directly mapped to the contents of the VFD driver. Data in the RAM can be accessed through the data setting, address setting and display control commands. It is assigned as addresses in 8-bit unit as follows:
SEG1 00 03 06 09 0C 0F 12 15 18 1B 1E 21 H H H H H H H H H H H H
L
Dimming Control HT16515 provides an 8-step dimmer function on display by controlling the 3-bit binary command code. The full pulse width of grid signal is divided into 16 uniform sections by PWM (pulse width modulation) technology. The 16 uniform sections available form an 8-step dimmer via 3-bit binary code. The 8-step dimmer includes 1/16, 2/16, 4/16, 10/16, 11/16, 12/16, 13/16 and 14/16. The 1/16 pulse width indicates minimum lightness. The 14/16 pulse width represents maximum lightness (Refer to the display control command). Key Matrix and Key-Input Data Storage RAM The key matrix scans the series key states at each level of the key strobe signal (Seg1/K1~Seg16/K16) output of the HT16515. The key strobe signal outputs are time-multiplexed signals from Seg1/K1~Seg16/K16. The states of inputs K0 and K1 are sampled by strobe signal Seg1/K1~Seg16/K16 and latched into the register.
SEG4 00 03 L 06 L 09 L 0C L 0F L 12 L 15 L 18 L 1B L 1E L 21 L H H H
H
U
H H H H H H H H
SEG8 0 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 1 U 2 U
DH 0H 3H 6H 9H CH FH 2H
AH
1H 4H 7H
SEG 12 01 L 04 L 07 L 0A L 0D L 10 L 13 L 16 L 19 L 1C L 1F L 22 L H H H
H H H H H H H H H
SEG 16 02 U 05 U 08 U 0B U 0E U 11 U 14 U 17 U 1A U 1D U 20 U 23 U H H H H H H H H
H H
H H
SEG 20 02 L 05 L 08 L 0B L 0E L 11 L 14 L 17 L 1A L 1D L 20 L 23 L H
SEG2 U D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D HU D
4 IG 1 IG 2 IG 3 IG 4 IG 5 IG 6 IG 7 IG 8 IG 9 IG 1 0 IG 1 1 IG 1 2
b0
b3b4 b7 XXHU XXHL Lower H ig h e r 4 b its 4 b its
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HT16515
The key matrix is made up of a 162 matrix, as shown below.
S1/ K1 KEY1 KEY2 S2/ K2 S3/ K3 S4/ K4 S5/ K5 S6/ K6 S7/ K7 S8/ K8 S9/ K9 S10/ K10 S11/ K11 S12/ K12 S13/ K13 S14/ K14 S15/ K15 S16/ K16
The data of each key is stored as illustrated below, and is read with the read command, starting from the least significant bit.
K ey1 K ey2 S 1 /K 1 S 5 /K 5 S 9 /K 9 S 1 3 /K 1 3 b0 b1 K ey1 K ey2 S 2 /K 2 S 6 /K 6 S 1 0 /K 1 0 S 1 4 /K 1 4 b2 b3 K ey1 K ey2 S 3 /K 3 S 7 /K 7 S 1 1 /K 1 1 S 1 5 /K 1 5 b4 b5 K ey1 K ey2 S 4 /K 4 S 8 /K 8 S 1 2 /K 1 2 S 1 6 /K 1 6 b6 b7 R e a d in g S e q u e n c e
Commands Commands set the display mode and status of the VFD driver. The first 1 byte input to the HT16515 through the DI pin after the CS pin has fallen, is regarded as a command. If CS is set high while commands/data are transmitted, serial communication is initialized, and the commands/ data being transmitted are not valid (however, the commands/data previously transmitted remains valid).
* Display mode setting commands
LED Port The LED port is of the CMOS output configuration. Data is written to the LED port with the write command, starting from the least significant bit. In our application (see application circuits), the user adopts an internal NMOS device to a driver LED component by connecting VDD. When a bit of this port is 0, the corresponding LED lights up; when the bit is 1, the LED turns off. The data of bits 4 through 7 are ignored.
These commands initialize the HT16515 and select the number of segments and the number of grids (1/4~1/12 duty, 16 to 24 segments). When these commands are executed, the display is forcibly turned off, and key scanning is also stopped. To resume display, the display command ON must be executed. If the same mode is selected, nothing happens.
MSB 0 0 b3 b2 b1 LSB b0 00 00 00 00 01 01 01 01 1x S 00 01 10 11 00 01 10 11 xx : e le : : : : : : : : c ts 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 D d ig d ig d ig d ig d ig d ig d ig d ig d ig is p its its its its its its its its its la y ,24 ,23 ,22 ,21 ,20 ,19 ,18 ,17 ,16 Mo se se se se se se se se se de gm gm gm gm gm gm gm gm gm en en en en en en en en en ts ts ts ts ts ts ts ts ts
MSB b3 b2 b1
LSB b0 LED LED LED LED 1 2 3 0
D o n 't c a r e
D o n 't c a r e
Note:
Power-on status: 12-digit, 16 segment mode is selected.
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HT16515
* Data setting commands
These commands set the data write and data read modes.
MSB 0 1 D o n 't c a r e b3 b2 b1 LSB b0 Se 00 01 10 11 ts :W :W :R :D d a ta r ite r ite ead o n 't w da da ke ca r ite ta ta yd re a n d re a d m o d e to d is p la y m e m o r y to L E D p o rt a ta
A d d r e s s in c r e m e n t m o d e s e ttin g s ( d is p la y m e m o r y ) 0 : In c r e m e n ts a d d r e s s a fte r d a ta h a s b e e n w r itte n 1 : F ix e s a d d r e s s T e s t m o d e s e ttin g s 0 : N o rm a l m o d e 1 : T e s t m o d e , u s e r d o n 't u s e
Note: power-on status: normal mode operation and address increment mode are set.
* Address setting commands
These commands set the address of the display memory.
MSB 1 1 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 LSB b0 A d d re s s (0 0 H ~ 2 3 H )
If address 24H or higher is set, data is ignored until a valid address is set. Note: power-on status: the address is set to 00H.
* Display control commands
MSB 1 0 b3 b2 b1 LSB b0 Se 00 00 01 01 10 10 11 11 ts 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: d im Se Se Se Se Se Se Se Se m tp tp tp tp tp tp tp tp in g u ls u ls u ls u ls u ls u ls u ls u ls qu ew ew ew ew ew ew ew ew a id id id id id id id id n tity th to th to th to th to th to th to th to th to
D o n 't c a r e
1 /1 6 2 /1 6 4 /1 6 1 0 /1 1 1 /1 1 2 /1 1 3 /1 1 4 /1 6 6 6 6 6
T u r n s o n /o ff d is p la y 0 : D is p la y o ff ( k e y s c a n c o n tin u e s ) 1 : D is p la y o n
Note: power-on status: 1/16 pulse width is set and the display is turned off. Key scanning will be stopped during power-on status.
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HT16515
Timing Diagrams
tf 90% S n /G n 10% tS
W
tr1 ( tr2 )
CS tC
W
tC
W
tC
S
CLK tS
U
th
DI tP DO
HL
tP
LH
Key Scanning and Display Timing
K e y s c a n d a ta S n /K n o u tp u t D ig it 1 D ig it 2 D ig it 3 D ig it n D ig it 1
G 1 o u tp u t 1 /1 6 tD
IS P
G 2 o u tp u t
G 3 o u tp u t
G n o u tp u t t@ 500ms 1 fra m e = T (n + 1 )
Note: One cycle of key scanning consists of two frames, and data of 162 matrixes is stored in the RAM.
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HT16515
Serial Communication Format
* Reception (command/data write)
CS
CLK 1 DI
2 b0 b1
3 b2
7 b6
8 b7
* Transmission (data read)
CS CLK DI DO A d a ta r e a d c o m m a n d is s e t 1 b0 2 b1 3 b2 4 b3 5 b4 6 b5 7 b6 8 b7 b0 b1 b2 b3 b4 b5 1 2 3 4 5 6
tW
D a ta is r e a d
Be sure to connect an external pull-high resistor to this pin (1kW to 10kW). Note: When data is read, a wait time tW of 1ms is necessary.
* Updating display memory by incrementing address
CS
C LK DI C om m and 1 C om m and 2 C om m and 3 D a ta 1 D a ta n C om m and 4
Note: Command 1: sets display mode Command 2: sets data Command 3: sets address Data 1 to n: transfers display data (36 bytes max.) Command 4: controls display
* Updating specific addresses
CS
CLK DI Com m and 1 Com m and 2 D a ta Com m and 2 D a ta n
Note: Command 1: sets data Command 2: sets address Data: display data
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HT16515
Application Circuits
R7 R8
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
D8
D9
D10
D11
D12
D13
D14
D15
D1 S S S S S S S S S S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S1
6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 VFD Ef
OSC R
OSC
K e y 0 K e y 1 S 1 /K 1
S 2 /K 2
S 3 /K 3
S 4 /K 4
S 5 /K 5
S 6 /K 6
S 7 /K 7
S 8 /K 8
S 9 /K 9
S 1 0 /K 1 0 S 1 1 /K 1 1 S 1 2 /K 1 2 S 1 3 /K 1 3 S 1 4 /K 1 4 S 1 5 /K 1 5 S 1 6 /K 1 6
MCU R1
VDD (5 V )
CS CLK DI
S 1 7 /G 1 2 ~ S 2 4 /G 5
0 6$##
G 1~G 4
DO
LED0 VDD (5 V ) R2
LED1 R3
LED2 R4 R5
LED3
V
DD
VSS
VEE
C +5V -3 0 V
Note:
ROSC=82kW for oscillator resistor R1=1~10kW for external pull-high resistor R2~R6=750W~1.2kW R7~R8=10kW for external pull-low resistor D1~D6=1N4001 Ef=Filament voltage for VFD C=0.1mF~1.0mF
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HT16515
Package Information
44-pin QFP (1010) Outline Dimensions
C D G 23 I 34 22 F A B E 44 12 K 1 11 a J 33 H
Symbol A B C D E F G H I J K a
Dimensions in mm Min. 13 9.90 13 9.90 3/4 3/4 1.90 3/4 3/4 0.73 0.10 0 Nom. 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 0.80 0.30 3/4 3/4 0.10 3/4 3/4 3/4 Max. 13.40 10.10 13.40 10.10 3/4 3/4 2.20 2.70 3/4 0.93 0.20 7
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HT16515
Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Headquarters) No.3, Creation Rd. II, Science Park, Hsinchu, Taiwan Tel: 886-3-563-1999 Fax: 886-3-563-1189 http://www.holtek.com.tw Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Taipei Sales Office) 4F-2, No. 3-2, YuanQu St., Nankang Software Park, Taipei 115, Taiwan Tel: 886-2-2655-7070 Fax: 886-2-2655-7373 Fax: 886-2-2655-7383 (International sales hotline) Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shanghai Sales Office) 7th Floor, Building 2, No.889, Yi Shan Rd., Shanghai, China 200233 Tel: 021-6485-5560 Fax: 021-6485-0313 http://www.holtek.com.cn Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Shenzhen Sales Office) 43F, SEG Plaza, Shen Nan Zhong Road, Shenzhen, China 518031 Tel: 0755-8346-5589 Fax: 0755-8346-5590 ISDN: 0755-8346-5591 Holtek Semiconductor Inc. (Beijing Sales Office) Suite 1721, Jinyu Tower, A129 West Xuan Wu Men Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, China 100031 Tel: 010-6641-0030, 6641-7751, 6641-7752 Fax: 010-6641-0125 Holmate Semiconductor, Inc. (North America Sales Office) 46712 Fremont Blvd., Fremont, CA 94538 Tel: 510-252-9880 Fax: 510-252-9885 http://www.holmate.com Copyright O 2003 by HOLTEK SEMICONDUCTOR INC. The information appearing in this Data Sheet is believed to be accurate at the time of publication. However, Holtek assumes no responsibility arising from the use of the specifications described. The applications mentioned herein are used solely for the purpose of illustration and Holtek makes no warranty or representation that such applications will be suitable without further modification, nor recommends the use of its products for application that may present a risk to human life due to malfunction or otherwise. Holteks products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. Holtek reserves the right to alter its products without prior notification. For the most up-to-date information, please visit our web site at http://www.holtek.com.tw.
Rev. 1.00
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